Antibody response of guinea-pigs and cattle to a Campylobacter fetus oil emulsion vaccine.

It is now generally accepted that heifers can be effectively immunized against Campylobacter fetus infections (Firehammer & Berg, 1966; Newhall , 1966; Mitchell, 1968; Kendrick, Williams, Crenshaw & Vestal, 1971; Clark, Dufty & Monsbourgh, 1972 a; Clark, Dufty & Monsbourgh, 1972 b; Clark & Fitzpatrick, 1972; Clark, Dufty, Monsbourgh & Parsonson, 1976; Clark, Dufty & Monsbourgh, 1975). Mass production of vaccines, however, remains a problem, since strains of C. fetus ss venerialis grow poorly, the media are either complex or expensive (Simon, 1975; Clark, Dufty & Monsbourgh, 1976; Berg & Firehammer, 1978) and specific atmospheric conditions are required (Robertstad & Morrison, 1957; Dennis & Jones, 1959; Clark et al., 1972 a) . It was therefore proposed to employ a production technique based on the procedures described by Clark et al. (1972 b) and Berg & Firehammer (1978), respectively, to overcome the above-mentioned obstacles.